Recently, in the field of diabetes, it has been noticed that subcutaneous injection to the insulin ball can cause poor blood glucose control. Therefore, it is important to prevent insulin ball.
" The Japanese Pharmacological Society will conduct more educational activities on pharmacological knowledge necessary for nursing through symposia and seminars starting in 2018, and also aim to bridge human interaction between pharmacology and various fields of nursing that have not had much interaction with pharmacology.” (from the Japanese Pharmacological Society website). With this aim in mind, it was decided that "Scoping Review: Insulin Ball" be conducted as an activity for the joint conference project.　
Therefore, this scoping review was conducted to address the research questions, "What methods are used to assess insulin injection sites?" and "What is the preventive care for induration and how effective is it?"  In most of the literature, the injection site was confirmed by palpation and visual examination, and there was also some literature that incorporated ultrasound. There were many reports of insulin balls occurring because patients have been injecting insulin at the same site, even though healthcare professionals instructed them to avoid the same site. Some of the literature had specific teaching methods such as hand site rotation and calendar injection method.