High salt (HS) intake is known as a risk factor for hypertension and dementia. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) has various effects on vascular function and central nervous system via four types of PGE2 receptors (EP1-EP4). However, an involvement of PGE2/EP1 signaling in the HS intake-induced hypertension and emotional and cognitive dysfunctions is still unclear. In this study, we confirmed the effect of HS intake on the blood pressure and emotional and cognitive functions in mice. Mice showed hypertension and impairments of social behavior in social interaction test and object recognition memory in novel object recognition test 12 weeks after HS intake. HS intake increased phosphorylation of tau, but decreased phosphorylation of Ca2+ / calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and expression of PSD95 in the prefrontal cortex. HS intake increased expressions of mRNA of EP1 receptor in the kidney and prefrontal cortex. The HS intake-induced hypertension, abnormal behaviors and increased phosphorylation of tau were not observed in the EP1 heterozygous knockout mice. These findings suggest that PGE2/EP1-tau phosphorylation signaling is involved in the HS intake-induced hypertension and emotional and cognitive dysfunctions.