Advances in cancer treatment have led to dramatic increase in cancer survivors.  
Although cardiotoxicity resulting from anthracyclines and radiation therapies has been known for decades, the emergence of novel cancer treatment-related cardiovascular diseases (CTRCD) have been recognized to be associated with molecularly targeted therapies as well as immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Cardio-Oncology is a new interdisciplinary research opportunity at the intersection of cardiovascular disease and cancer.
Research priorities need to be identified to diagnose, treat, and prevent the previously unknown CTRCD(s), including (1) myocardial dysfunction and heart failure, (2) coronary artery disease, (3) valvular disease, (4) arrhythmias and QT-prolongation, (5) arterial hypertension, (6) thromboembolic disease and others.
For example, understanding fundamental mechanisms underlying CTRCD is essential to the development of new methods to manage these toxicities. The application of more suitable disease models and more effective methods for toxicity screening will serve to advance our understanding of CTRCD. Animal models have been successfully employed to predict potential problems in some cases, but more highly predictive models are also needed. Biobanks and other specimens with patient registries would facilitate the validation of biomarkers, genome analysis, and imaging methods.

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