Low-grade inflammation persists in many patients with clinically quiescent inflammatory bowel disease　(IBD). The current study aimed to establish low-grade IBD model mice. In addition, the anti-inflammatory　effect of the cholinesterase inhibitor neostigmine was also investigated in this model. C57BL/6J mice were used. Colitis was induced by the addition of 0.1–3%(w/v) dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to drinking water for 7 days. Following 3% DSS treatment, weight loss, appearance of bloody stool and changes in stool quality were evident by day 4 and peaked at day 7. DSS at 1% elicited low-grade inflammation in the colonic　mucosa and increased myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. In immunohistochemical study, increased MPO-immunopositive neutrophils were observed in the colonic mucosa of low-grade colitis model. Neostigmine dose-dependently inhibited the increase of MPO activity. The α7-nicotinic receptor antagonist partly　reversed anti-inflammatory effect of neostigmine. In conclusion, we suggest that low-grade IBD model mice are established by using 1% DSS-containing drinking water, and neostigmine provides anti-inflammatory　effect through the stimulation of α7-nicotinic receptors in this model.